Thermographic characteristics of humic acids of sod-podzolic clay loam soil of Cisuralia

The effect of various fertilizer systems on the thermal indices of humic acids of sod-podzolic soil has been studied in a long-term field experiment. The most agronomically optimal structure of macromolecules of humic acids, characterized by resistance to microbiological degradation and active participation in soil processes, forms with organic and organomineral fertilizer systems.     

Molecular approaches in identifying leaf rust resistance genes in Russian wheat varieties

Russian soft wheat varieties are screened with the use of molecular markers of Lr genes. A low genetic diversity is found among leaf rust resistant varieties, in which genes Lr9 and Lr19 dominate. There are no highly effective genes Lr25, Lr29, and Lr39(41) and adult plant resistance genes Lr37 and Lr21 in the studied varieties. Among genes with limited effectiveness, the most prevalent are genes Lr10 and Lr26, respectively in 45 and 10% of the varieties.     

Elemental chemical composition of plants under primary pedogenic conditions

The experimental results on the elemental composition of tomato and wheat plant tissues under primary pedogenic conditions are presented for the first time. The classification rule obtained allows separating chemical elements in various plant organs into four groups based on the principle of statistical homogeneity of their content in groups. It is established that the combined state of elements, determined by an integral indicator—entropy—is strictly differentiated for various plant organs.     

HPLC study of the physicochemical characteristics of chitosan preparations during their manufacture and storage

A change in the physicochemical characteristics of chitosan preparations as a consequence of the occurrence of chemical reactions of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups of chitosan polymer molecules with amino groups of chitosan-chitin polymer molecules and chitosan-protein complex during long storage of chitosan preparations was established by high performance liquid chromatography.     

Molecular markers in identification of sunflower pollen fertility restorer genes

The presence of the Rf1 gene (pollen fertility restorer of CMS PET1) in genotypes of most restorer lines is confirmed by molecular and hybridological analysis methods. Molecular markers of the Rf1 locus are identified for the first time in genotypes of autofertile lines of the collection of the Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry (VIR) as well as in genomes of perennial and annual wild species of the genus Helianthus. The possibility of introgression of the fertility restorer gene into the genome of the cultivated sunflower during distant hybridization is shown.     

Dynamics of the change in free blood serum amino acids of broiler chicks under the effect of lithium salts

The effect of lithium glycinate on the adaptive compensatory reaction in poultry during vaccinal stress is studied and its use as a stress protector is suggested.     

Reproductive qualities of pigs and progeny evaluation in different variants of selection

The results of analyzing the reproductive qualities of purebred and crossbred pigs obtained from regionalized and imported animals are given. The best two- and three-breed crosses with a high heterotic effect with respect to fattening and meat qualities are revealed.     

Effect of multipurpose compost on economically valuable celery traits and soil microbiocenosis

The complex effect of multipurpose compost (MPC) on the system soil-associative microflora-plant, increasing the numbers of soil microorganisms, their enzymatic activity, and NPK content and promoting an increase of celery yield by 1.5–2 times, is revealed. In this case, the content of nitrates in organs is within the limits of the maximum allow concentration.     

Use of an axial rotary threshing device for threshing clover seed

The effect of the parameters and operating regime of an axial rotary threshing device on the quality indices of the technological process of threshing clover seeds is shown. Their optimal values are determined.     

玉米花粉寿命及有效控制花粉飘逸的隔离距离研究

花粉是玉米基因飘逸的重要载体。研究了花粉活力的持续时间和有效控制基因飘逸的隔离距离。在花药刚开裂时采集花粉,置于薄膜层上,放在室外自然条件下保存,每隔一定时间对采集的花粉进行目测和授粉．通过对花粉的目测评判和计算结实率评估花粉活力。试验花粉源区域4000m^2,在其周围不同距离的地方种植若干玉米小区,每个小区面积为12．8m^2,以测定隔离距离的有效性。作为花粉源的玉米材料包含可用于测定花粉飘逸的叶色标记或种子标记。由于大气压不同,花粉可在花药开裂后1～2小时内保持活力。假定花粉以当地下午平均最大风速直线传播,并可在2小时内保持花粉活力,且忽略花粉沉降率因素,理论上讲,具有活力的花粉可以传播的最大距离为32km。试验结果是在离花粉源100m发生了一定数量的异花授粉,离花粉源200m处有个别异花授粉发生。离花粉源300m处没有异花授粉发生。试验结果与玉米花粉不耐干燥并具高沉降速率的结论一致。试验结果表明距离隔离是控制玉米因授粉而发生基因飘逸的有效方法。